→ What decoupling means

→ What are the 3 categories of decoupling

→ Data showing sufficient decoupling isn't happening

→ Reasons why technology-optimistic strategies fail to deliver sufficient decoupling

→ 4 examples of the growth dilemma from the real world: Pepsi, Carlsberg, Microsoft, and IKEA

→ How to plan for sufficient decoupling

→ How and why to distinguish between growth and development

→Data sources and further readings

→ What technology-optimism means

→ Why much of technology is irrelevant

→ Why much of technology is not disruptive, incl. data showing 80% of energy still comes from fossil fuels

→ Why much of technology is not fast enough, incl. a wind turbine example

→ How and why we can say to have the technologies we need

→ How and why to distinguish between innovation and exnovation

→ How and why to focus on intermediate technology

→ How to start a conversation about it with a "hope is not a strategy" angle

→ Data sources and further readings

→ What the planetary boundaries are

→ Why problem shifting is a challenge

→ How electric vehicles are an example of problem-shifting

→ How and why to consider 3 categories of sustainability strategies: Improve, shift, and avoid

→ Examples of strategies within the 3 categories: Improve, shift, and avoid

→ How to frame sustainability strategy as risk reduction

→ How to start a conversation about it with a "resilience as a competitive edge" angle (like Slow Coffee)

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why you should make a "before and after the year 2000" analysis of commodity prices

→ Examples of that type of analysis

→ What it means that the world is experiencing rising energy expenditures

→ An example of that analysis for copper

→ How climate change relates to food prices

→ How to think about prices in the 21st century

→ How to start a conversation about it using the "before and after the year 2000" analysis

→ How to start a conversation about it using a hedge fund example

→ Data sources and further readings

→ What the Rebound Effect is, incl. a t-shirt example

→ What the Direct Rebound Effect is, incl. an SUV example

→ What the Indirect Rebound Effect is

→ What the Economy-Wide Rebound Effect is

→ Why avoid relative reductions and look for absolute reductions

→ How a steady-state business plan addresses The Rebound Effect

→ How to start a conversation about it using SUV or Housing cases

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why the best waste is no waste, incl. a crazy story about landfills

→ Why recycling demands new materials and energy and therefore has a low impact

→ Why creating a recycling loop is a big challenge, incl. circularity data from Denmark

→ How and why to think about strategies higher in the Circularity Hierarchy

→ How to start a conversation about it using Fairphone as a case for getting something right (made-to-last)

→ How to start a conversation about it using Apple as a case for getting something wrong (planned obsolescence lawsuits)

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why too many underestimate the impact of the service sector

→ What it looks like when a service transition works for sustainability and when it runs into problems

→ Why the service sector can't entirely replace the material sector, incl. a Netflix and hairdresser example

→ How and why to think about a transition in three distinct phases, the conclusion being that some sectors have to grow, some have to shrink, but all eventually must mature and stop growing

→ How to start a conversation about it using iFixit as a case for getting something right (it's a Wikipedia for repair)

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why you can't ignore inequality when working in sustainability

→ How inequality is growing, incl. statistics on who contributes the most to climate change and how many are still without access to electricity

→ How Tony's Chocolonely battles inequality within the cocoa sector, incl. points on living wages and using open-access methods to scale impact

→ Data sources and further readings

→ What the difference is between Minimum Wages and Living Wages 

→ How to calculate a living wage

→ Why it's more complex to pay a Living Wage in an external supply chain, and what you can do about it

→ How Pura Utz pays a living wage in Guatemala 

→ What we were wrong about assuming the Pura Utz case

→ How to start a conversation about it using either an ethical, risk, or reputation approach

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why focus on justice, not charity 

→ Examples of how we have made wrong (Global North) assumptions about the Global South

→ Highlights of work from people from the Global South that we recommend diving into: V. Andreotti: Hospicing Modernity, V. Shiva: Reclaiming The Commons, and many more in the further readings list

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why a world in overshoot demands regeneration

→ What the problem with "net" is

→ How "net zero" is difficult but might lead to the wrong solutions

→ 4 examples of flawed methodologies

→ How and why to go from "net zero" to "regenerative," "small is beautiful," or "wellbeing"

→ How to start a conversation about it using Ecosia as an example (a not-for-profit search engine that plants trees)

→ How to start a conversation about it using Slow Coffee's forest coffee as an example (and how they have combined net zero and regeneration)

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why you can't offset and continue business as usual

→ How a net zero strategy and a growth strategy conflict

→ How too many carbon offsetting projects neglect human rights

→ What the difference is between offsetting and insetting

→ How and why investing in your value chain is often preferable (while not creating carbon credits)

→ How and why to consider 4 parameters when offsetting: Additionality, Near Future, Long-Lasting, Leakage Avoidance

→ How to start a conversation about it using a chemical spill case

→ Data sources and further readings

→ What the Leakage Effect is, and why it's crucial to understand in-depth

→ How big polluters use the leakage effect strawman to argue for the status quo

→ A Danish case showing that the leakage effect is not 100%, incl. a nationwide analysis and an agricultural analysis

→ How the EU has made generic analyses of the carbon leakage effect for all sectors

→ How to start analyzing a sector's leakage effect by looking at 8 parameters

→ How to start a conversation about it using statistics showing that the leakage effect is rarely 100%

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why so many suffer from Growth Tunnel Vision

→ How there are at least 8 ways to scale impact (growth is only one of them)

→ Two examples of when growth works as a scaling strategy: Slow Coffee and Grameen Shakti

→ An example of when growth fails: VanMoof

→ An example of a non-growth impact scaling strategy: Ruby On Rails is an open-source

→ Another example of a non-growth impact scaling strategy: FairPhone's open-access supply chain

→ And another example of a non-growth impact scaling strategy: iFixit campaigning for the Right To Repair

→ How and why looking beyond growth is a privilege; it takes a steady-state business plan and an ownership structure that allows for that

→ How to start a conversation by using the 8-impact-strategies framework to ask: What is the right combination of strategies for us?

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why we have forgotten how to ask and answer what the appropriate size is for a business

→ How a company can be small, profitable, and resilient

→ How accountability diminishes as size increases (after a certain point)

→ How visibility diminishes as size increases (after a certain point)

→ How resilience diminishes as size increases (after a certain point)

→ How accountability, visibility, and resilience are advantages for small companies

→ How to think differently by focusing on small is beautiful, small is resilient, small is impactful (and a balance that up against the conventional economies of scale to find the appropriate size)

→ How to start a conversation about it using cases: 37 Signals (software), Post Growth Guide (small startup), Mondragon (large federation of 70,000 employees, organized in 93 independent cooperatives), Small farmers feed the world

→ Data sources and further readings

→ Why waiting for legislators is not enough

→ How businesses affect different actors in society

→ How businesses (as employers) affect citizen's (as employees) capacity to act

→ How businesses can be initiators of movements campaigning for science-aligned environmental regulation: Reduction Roadmap as a case

→ How businesses can be allies to civil movements: iFixit as a case

→ How access (meaning "supply") is an essential determinant of behavioral change, meaning that we can't wait for demand

→ How these insights relate to the 8-impact-strategies framework

→ How to start a conversation about it using our Beyond Growth Policies resource as a starting point

→ How to start a conversation about it using Reduction Roadmap and The Right To Repair as cases

→ How to start a conversation about it using the Easterlin Paradox (after a point, increases in GDP/Capita don't equal increases in well-being)

→ Data sources and further readings